Description
Hepatitis A is a contagious liver infection caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). It spreads primarily through ingestion of contaminated food or water or close contact with an infected person. Unlike Hepatitis B and C, Hepatitis A does not lead to chronic liver disease, but it can cause severe symptoms and, in rare cases, liver failure.
Symptoms of Hepatitis A
Symptoms typically appear 2 to 7 weeks after exposure and may include:
- Fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain (especially near the liver)
- Loss of appetite
- Dark urine
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
- Fever
- Joint pain
Transmission
- Consuming food or water contaminated with fecal matter containing HAV
- Close personal contact with an infected person (e.g., sexual contact, caring for someone ill)
- Eating raw or undercooked shellfish from contaminated waters
Prevention: Hepatitis A Vaccine (Adult)
- The Hepatitis A vaccine is the most effective way to prevent infection.
- It is recommended for adults at higher risk, including travelers to endemic areas, healthcare workers, and individuals with chronic liver disease.
- The vaccine is given in two doses, usually 6 months apart, for long-term immunity.
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